A shipping port at dusk — stacked containers, a giant crane, storm clouds moving in, executives in coats observing operations.
Business C1 · Unit 6 · Global markets & geopolitics

6B. Weighing the trade-offs

C1 · Advanced Business English · participle clauses

Unit 6 · Epigraph
"The sentence in which a reconfiguration is presented is a piece of the reconfiguration."
— after Willy Shih
Objectives

What you'll be able to do

4 min
  • Compress a multi-step operational reconfiguration into one participle-chain sentence a director can hold.
  • Choose between past, present and perfect participles to match completed, ongoing and prior-completed steps.
  • Avoid the dangling-participle sentence that raises a board's trust threshold.
  • Use the concessive past participle ('given / added / exposed to') to free the main clause for the recommendation.
Important notes

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