A woman by a misty lake at dawn, contemplating her regrets.
Unit 5 · Inner Worlds

5B. No regrets

B2 · 60–75 min · Apex English

Unit 5 · Quote
"I'd rather regret the things I've done than regret the things I haven't done."
Lucille Ball
Lesson goals

By the end you will…

  • Use 'wish + past simple / could' to express dissatisfaction with the present.
  • Use 'wish + past perfect' to talk about regrets in the past.
  • Use 'wish + would' for annoying habits and things you want to change.
  • Distinguish 'I'm bored' from 'It's boring' — mastering -ed vs -ing feelings adjectives.
  • Speak with natural sentence rhythm — stressing content words, reducing function words.
  • Recognise falling intonation for regret and rising intonation for hopeful wishes.
1. Warm-up

Warm-up · one small regret

5 min

Read the six 'I wish…' openers below. Pick ONE and finish it out loud for your partner in a full sentence — 30 seconds each. No dictionaries, no shame.

  1. #1I wish I had learned…
  2. #2I wish I hadn't said…
  3. #3I wish I could speak…
  4. #4I wish people wouldn't…
  5. #5I wish I had spent more time with…
  6. #6I wish I hadn't spent so much time on…

💬 Every sentence you just made used the grammar of today's lesson: 'wish + past' for now, 'wish + past perfect' for regrets, 'wish + would' for other people's annoying habits.

2. Lead-in

Lead-in: three kinds of regret

8 min

Match each situation to the FEELING it usually creates. Then, in pairs, turn each one into a full sentence with 'I wish…'.

🌿 Causes
  • 1. You skipped Grandma's 80th birthday for a work meeting…
  • 2. You never learned to swim, and now your kids want to go to the beach every weekend…
  • 3. Your neighbour plays loud music at 2am, every single Friday…
  • 4. You bought an expensive gadget you've barely touched…
  • 5. You didn't apply for a scholarship because you assumed you wouldn't get it…
  • 6. You told a small lie years ago that still bothers you today…
🔗 Effects
  • a) frustrated / trapped
  • b) irritated / fed up
  • c) guilty / ashamed
  • d) foolish / disappointed in yourself
  • e) regretful / haunted
  • f) lost opportunity / bittersweet
✅ Show suggested matches
  • 1 → c · I wish I HADN'T skipped her birthday. She meant the world to me.
  • 2 → a · I wish I HAD learned to swim as a child.
  • 3 → b · I wish my neighbour WOULDN'T play music at two in the morning.
  • 4 → d · I wish I HADN'T bought it — total waste of money.
  • 5 → f · I wish I HAD applied. I'll never know what would have happened.
  • 6 → e · I wish I HADN'T lied. It's still on my mind, twenty years later.

💬 Notice: for RIGHT NOW → past simple ('I wish I had more time'). For a REGRET IN THE PAST → past perfect ('I wish I HAD called'). For OTHER PEOPLE'S habits → would ('I wish they wouldn't shout').

Older man on an autumn bench, looking at an old photograph
3. Reading

Reading: the four regrets that shape a life

10 min

In 2022, the American writer Daniel Pink published the largest ever survey of human regret — more than sixteen thousand people in one hundred and five countries, asked one simple question: 'What is the biggest regret of your life?'. What he found surprised almost everyone.

Across every culture, every income group, every age, the same four kinds of regret appeared again and again.

FOUNDATION regrets are the boring ones: I wish I had saved more, exercised more, gone to the dentist. They're the regrets of not doing the small, unglamorous things that quietly build a good life. They rarely feel urgent — until they do.

BOLDNESS regrets are the opposite. I wish I had taken the risk. I wish I had spoken to her. I wish I had started the business, quit the job, moved to the other city. Pink's research is unambiguous: in the long run, people regret the risks they DIDN'T take far more than the ones that failed.

MORAL regrets are the heaviest. I wish I had been kinder to my brother. I wish I hadn't cheated. I wish I hadn't stayed silent when I should have spoken. These don't fade with time — they harden.

But the deepest, most painful regret of all — the one that turned up most often, in every language — was the CONNECTION regret. I wish I had stayed in touch. I wish I had said 'I love you' more often. I wish I had called Dad the week before he died. Not a single one of Pink's sixteen thousand respondents said, at the end of a long life, 'I wish I'd worked more hours at the office'.

The comforting news, Pink argues, is that most connection regrets can still be repaired. Send the message. Make the call. Buy the plane ticket. In his data, more than seventy per cent of the awkward 'sorry it's been a while' messages got a warm reply within a week. Regret, he concludes, is not the enemy of a good life. Ignoring it is.

Comprehension

  1. How many people did Daniel Pink survey, and in how many countries?

  2. Which type of regret involves small, unglamorous, long-term habits?

  3. According to the research, do people MORE regret the risks they took or the risks they didn't take?

  4. Which type of regret was the deepest and most common?

  5. What does Pink recommend doing about most connection regrets?

Feelings vocabulary in context

Match the words from the text to their closest meaning.

  • haunt (v)
  • harden (v)
  • unglamorous
  • urgent
  • bittersweet
  • ashamed
4. Vocabulary

Vocabulary: verbs vs -ed / -ing adjectives for feelings

12 min

In English, feelings can be expressed as verbs (I annoyed him), as -ED adjectives (I was annoyed) or as -ING adjectives (that was annoying). Getting this right is the single fastest way to sound more natural at B2. Master the pattern once, use it for the rest of your life.

The golden rule

-ED = how I FEEL
I'm bored. I'm annoyed. I'm confused.
-ING = the thing that CAUSES the feeling
This film is boring. This noise is annoying. This map is confusing.
Verb = the action
This film BORES me. The noise ANNOYS me.
The classic mistake
✗ 'I'm boring.' → ✓ 'I'm bored' (unless you really mean you bore other people!)

Common pairs (positive)

excite / excited / exciting
The trip excites me. I'm excited. It's exciting.
amaze / amazed / amazing
It amazes me. I'm amazed. It's amazing.
inspire / inspired / inspiring
She inspires me. I'm inspired. She's inspiring.
thrill / thrilled / thrilling
The news thrilled her. She's thrilled. It's thrilling.
move / moved / moving
The story moved me. I was moved. It was moving.

Common pairs (negative)

annoy / annoyed / annoying
He annoys me. I'm annoyed. He's annoying.
bore / bored / boring
It bores me. I'm bored. It's boring.
frustrate / frustrated / frustrating
It frustrates me. I'm frustrated. It's frustrating.
disappoint / disappointed / disappointing
It disappointed us. We're disappointed. It's disappointing.
confuse / confused / confusing
It confuses him. He's confused. It's confusing.

Regret vocabulary

to regret (v)
I regret saying that. / I regret not calling.
regretful (adj)
feeling regret
to reproach yourself
to blame yourself for something
to have second thoughts
to start doubting a decision
hindsight
understanding after the event — 'in hindsight, I would…'
if only…
stronger, more emotional version of 'I wish…'

Practice

Complete each sentence with the correct form (verb, -ed or -ing) of the word in brackets.

Word bank — drag or tap, then tap a gap
  1. That documentary was really  drop  (interest). I couldn't stop watching.
  2. I'm so  drop  (frustrate) with the new software — nothing works properly.
  3. Honestly, I find long train journeys really  drop  (relax).
  4. She was  drop  (embarrass) when she realised she'd been calling him by the wrong name.
  5. The results were incredibly  drop  (disappoint) after all that hard work.
  6. I'm not  drop  (bore) — I just have a resting neutral face!
  7. That story about the little dog rescued after the earthquake really  drop  me (move).
  8. It  drop  me (annoy) when people don't reply to messages for three days.
5. Grammar focus

Grammar focus: 'wish' for the present, the future and the past

15 min

1. WISH + PAST SIMPLE — for the present

Use for something you'd like to be different right now. • I wish I HAD more time. (I don't have enough time.) • I wish she LIVED closer. (She lives far away.) • I wish it WASN'T so hot in here. ('weren't' is also correct and more formal.) Same structure as the second conditional — the past form signals unreality.

2. WISH + COULD — for present ability

Use for skills, freedoms or possibilities you don't currently have. • I wish I COULD speak French. • I wish we COULD stay another week. • I wish he COULD understand how I feel.

3. WISH + WOULD — for other people (or things) you find annoying

Use for behaviour that irritates you and that you'd like to change. Almost NEVER used with 'I' (you can control yourself, so 'wish I would' is odd). • I wish you WOULD stop interrupting me. • I wish it WOULDN'T rain every weekend. • I wish my neighbours WOULDN'T play music at 3am. ✗ 'I wish I would exercise more.' → ✓ 'I wish I exercised more.'

4. WISH + PAST PERFECT — for regrets about the past

Use for things you did / didn't do and now regret. This is the grammar of true regret. • I wish I HAD STUDIED harder at university. • I wish I HADN'T said that. (I said it and regret it.) • I wish they HAD TOLD us earlier. • I wish I HADN'T SPENT so much time worrying.

5. 'If only…' — the emotional cousin of 'I wish…'

Same three patterns, but stronger and often used in dramatic or emotional speech. • If only I had more money! (present) • If only he WOULD listen to me! (annoying) • If only I HAD said sorry before she left. (past regret)

6. Common mistakes

✗ I wish I have more time. → ✓ I wish I HAD more time. ✗ I wish I would speak French. → ✓ I wish I COULD speak French. ✗ I wish I studied harder last year. → ✓ I wish I HAD STUDIED harder last year. ✗ I wish it wouldn't so hot. → ✓ I wish it WASN'T so hot. (it, weather = present, not habit)

Exercise A — present or past regret?

Put the verb in the correct form: past simple, could, would or past perfect.

  1. I wish I (be) ___ taller — everything's designed for tall people.
  2. I wish I (study) ___ harder at university. I could have got a better job.
  3. I wish you (stop) ___ leaving your dirty cups everywhere!
  4. I wish I (can) ___ play the piano like her.
  5. I wish we (not / miss) ___ that train yesterday.
  6. I wish it (not / be) ___ so cold today — I'd love to go swimming.
  7. I wish I (know) ___ his email — I need to contact him.
  8. I wish my grandmother (teach) ___ me her recipes when she was still alive.

Exercise B — choose the correct form

Choose the option that sounds most natural.

  1. I wish it ___ raining. I want to go for a walk.
  2. I wish I ___ what to say to her right now.
  3. I wish I ___ to that concert last Friday — everyone said it was incredible.
  4. I wish I ___ speak Italian fluently.
  5. I wish my phone battery ___ so quickly.
  6. I wish I ___ so many things I now regret.

Exercise C — spot & fix the mistake

Each sentence has ONE mistake. Rewrite it correctly.

  1. I wish I have more free time.
  2. I wish I would speak Chinese.
  3. I wish I studied harder for last week's exam.
  4. I wish it wouldn't be so cold today.
  5. I wish I didn't say that this morning. I feel awful.
  6. I wish my brother would being on time — just once!

Exercise D — the letter of regrets

Complete the letter using ONE form from the box (each used once).

had knowncouldwouldn't checkhad spenthadn't spentwould callwerehad listenedwasn'tcould go

Dear old friend,

I don't know if you'll ever read this, but I need to write it anyway. Twenty years is a long time to be silent.

I wish I (1) ___ how much your friendship meant to me back then. I wish I (2) ___ more time with you and less time chasing things that didn't matter.

I wish I (3) ___ so many weekends at the office when you invited me for lunch. I wish I (4) ___ to your advice about my first marriage — you saw it before I did.

Now, honestly? I wish I (5) ___ turn the clock back one afternoon and just have coffee with you again.

There are new regrets, too. I wish I (6) ___ my email a hundred times a day. I wish I (7) ___ so distracted all the time. I wish you (8) ___ me back — but I know that's not really up to you.

If I (9) ___ you, I probably wouldn't reply either. I wouldn't blame you.

But if you ever (10) ___ answer, even one word, I'd be at the coffee shop on Baker Street tomorrow morning. Same one as always.

Yours, still.

6. Pronunciation

Pronunciation: sentence rhythm and the intonation of regret

8 min

English is a stress-timed language — content words are LONG and clear; function words squish together in the gaps. Get the rhythm right and you'll suddenly sound years more advanced. Wishes and regrets also have their own melody: falling for regret, rising for hopeful wishes.

  • STRESS content words (nouns, main verbs, adjectives, adverbs): I WISH I'd STUDIED more.
  • REDUCE function words (I, I'd, to, the, a, that…): they almost disappear — /aɪ wɪʃ aɪd ˈstʌdid mɔː/.
  • Regret intonation FALLS at the end — heavy, final: 'I wish I hadn't said that.' ↘
  • Hopeful / dreamy wishes rise slightly — lighter, unfinished: 'I wish I could travel more.' ↗
  • Contract wherever possible: 'I would' → 'I'd', 'I had' → 'I'd', 'would not' → 'wouldn't'. English hates full forms.
  • The little words 'to', 'a', 'the', 'of', 'have' are almost NEVER stressed. Say them lazy.

Listen and repeat (rhythm & intonation drill)

Say each line twice — first tap the rhythm on the desk (STRONG, weak, weak…), then say it naturally at speed.

🎧 Rhythm & intonation drill — listen and repeat
  • I WISH I'd STUDied HARDer. ↘
  • I WISH I HADn't SAID that. ↘
  • I WISH she WOULD LISTen to ME. ↘
  • I WISH I COULD TRAvel MORE. ↗
  • I WISH I COULD SPEAK ITalian. ↗
  • I WISH I HADn't WORRied so MUCH. ↘
  • If ONLY I'd CALLED him YESterday. ↘
  • If ONLY they WOULD LEAVE us aLONE. ↘

Practice — your own wishes

In pairs, say ONE wish about the past (falling ↘) and ONE hopeful wish about now (rising ↗). Your partner scores your rhythm and melody out of ⭐⭐⭐.

  1. I wish I HADn't … (regret, falling) ↘
  2. I wish I HAD … (past regret, falling) ↘
  3. I wish I COULD … (dream, rising) ↗
  4. I wish it WASn't so … (present complaint, falling) ↘
  5. If ONLY people WOULDn't … (annoying habit, falling) ↘
7. Listening

Listening: 'I wish I'd gone to art school'

12 min

Two friends over dinner. One admits a life-long regret about not going to art school. The other pushes back gently — and turns the regret into an action for tonight. Play twice.

🎧 Two friends — the "what if?" game

Before you listen

  • What's ONE thing you wish you had done differently by the age you are now?
  • Predict: does the second speaker agree with the first speaker's regret, or challenge it?
Show transcript

Speaker A:You know what I regret most? Not going to art school when I had the chance. I wish I'd applied. I wish I hadn't listened to everyone telling me it wasn't practical.

Speaker B:But you were seventeen. You did what felt safe. If I were you, I wouldn't be so hard on myself.

Speaker A:Maybe. But I'm forty now, and every time I walk past a gallery I feel this pain. I wish I could paint even half as well as the people showing there.

Speaker B:So paint. You wish you could paint — start tonight. Nobody's asking you to sell anything. I wish I could just decide something and do it, the way you could, right now.

Speaker A:It's not that simple. I wish my mother had encouraged me a little. She meant well, but every time I brought up art, she'd change the subject.

Speaker B:That's fair. But you can't fix the past. If I were you, I'd stop wishing you'd made different choices at seventeen, and start choosing differently at forty. That, you can actually control.

Speaker A:I know. I know. I just wish I'd figured this out ten years ago.

Speaker B:Everyone says that. Ten years from now you'll wish you'd started tonight. So, start tonight.

Speaker A:Okay. Fine. Tonight. If I buy paints on the way home, will you promise not to laugh at what I make?

Speaker B:I promise. I really do. And if it's terrible, I promise to lie beautifully.

First listen — gist

  1. What is the first speaker's biggest regret?
  2. How does the second speaker try to reframe the regret?
  3. What does the first speaker agree to do that same evening?

Second listen — detail

  1. How does the first speaker say she feels when walking past a gallery?
  2. Who did she blame in the past for her choice at 17?
  3. What 'If I were you…' advice does the second speaker give?
  4. What common line does the second speaker point out about time?
  5. What promise does the second speaker make about the first paintings?
  6. How many past-perfect 'wish' clauses can you count in the dialogue? (approx.)
🎧 Authentic Listening · real voices

The four regrets that shape a life — new research

Source: VOA Learning English — Health Report (adapted, 2024) · Adapted from VOA Learning English (public domain)

B1–B2 · slowed news English≈ 2:30

A VOA-style report on Daniel Pink's global regret survey. Listen first without the transcript.

Tip: listen ONCE for gist (general meaning), then again with the transcript hidden for detail. Open the transcript only for a third listen.

1. Listen for gist

  • How many people were surveyed, and in how many countries?
  • According to the researchers, is regret a broken emotion or a signal?
  • Which of the four regret types hurts people the most and longest?

2. Listen for detail

  1. Name the four kinds of regret identified.
  2. Give an example of a foundation regret.
  3. Give an example of a boldness regret.
  4. What simple experiment does the lead researcher recommend?
  5. What percentage of these messages received a warm reply within a week?
  6. What is the closing message about regret?

3. Glossary

regret
sadness about what you did or didn't do
foundation
the small, long-term basis of something
boldness
willingness to take risks
moral
connected to right and wrong
to betray
to act against something / someone you value
to repair
to fix something that was broken
📄 Show full transcript

Welcome to the VOA Learning English Health Report. I'm Katty Weaver.

New research is changing the way scientists think about regret. For a long time, psychologists believed regret was a mostly negative emotion — something to be avoided or forgotten. But a large study published in 2023, which asked more than sixteen thousand adults in one hundred and five countries about their deepest regrets, found something surprising.

When people talk about their regrets openly, they often make better decisions in the future. The researchers say regret is not a broken emotion. It is a signal. It tells us what matters most to us — the values we do not want to betray again.

The study also identified four kinds of regret that appear in almost every country. Foundation regrets — I wish I had saved more, exercised more, taken better care of my health. Boldness regrets — I wish I had taken the risk, spoken to that person, started the business. Moral regrets — I wish I had been kinder, more honest, more courageous. And connection regrets — I wish I had stayed in touch.

Of these four, connection regrets are the ones people say hurt the most and longest. The good news, the lead researcher explains, is that most connection regrets can still be repaired. She recommends a simple experiment. Think of one person you lost touch with, and send them a message today. Not tomorrow. Today.

In her research, more than seventy percent of these messages received a warm reply within a week. Regret, she concludes, is not the enemy of a good life. Ignoring it is.

4. Discuss in pairs

  • Which of the four regret types (foundation, boldness, moral, connection) do YOU worry about most?
  • Is there one person you could message today, just to say hello?
  • 'Regret is not the enemy of a good life — ignoring it is.' Do you agree?
8. Speaking

Speaking: 'One regret, one repair'

10 min

One minute solo. Share ONE regret and ONE small repair you could make this week. You MUST use: (a) TWO 'I wish I had / hadn't…' clauses, (b) ONE 'I wish I could…', (c) ONE 'If only… would…', (d) TWO -ed / -ing feeling adjectives. Partner scores ⭐ for each.

Step 1
The regret
'I wish I had / hadn't…'
Step 2
How it makes you feel
'It's frustrating / I feel guilty…'
Step 3
What you wish were different now
'I wish I could…'
Step 4
What annoys you about others
'If only they would…'
Step 5
The tiny repair this week
'This week, I'm going to…'
👀 Show model pitch

Honestly, my biggest regret is that I wish I had stayed closer to my grandmother in her last two years. I was so busy with work that I stopped visiting, and it's really painful to think about now — it's absolutely heartbreaking, actually. I wish I could still pick up the phone and call her. If only my younger self would have understood how little time was left. There's nothing I can do about that anymore. But this week, I'm going to call my aunt, who was closest to her, and just listen to her tell me stories about my grandmother for an hour. That's the small repair. It won't undo the regret — but it might soften it a little.

🏆 Extra ⭐ if you use 'If only…' with real emotion (rising or falling intonation).

9. Writing

Writing mini-task — 'A letter I'll probably never send' (100–120 words)

5 min (or homework)

Write a short letter to someone about a regret. It can be to your younger self, an old friend, a family member — anyone. You MUST use: at least 3 'wish + past perfect' regrets, 1 'wish + could' hope, 1 'if only… would…', 2 -ed / -ing feeling adjectives. Underline every target structure.

A woman painting joyfully at an easel in a sunlit apartment
10. Wrap-up

Wrap-up · the three envelopes

3 min

Three symbolic envelopes. Pick ONE and finish the sentence out loud. Class votes on the most moving answer.

Row 1 · Envelope 1 — to my younger self
If I could write to myself at 18, I'd say: 'I wish you would…'
Row 2 · Envelope 2 — to someone I miss
'I wish I had told you…'
Row 3 · Envelope 3 — to my future self
'Please don't ever wish you had…'
🎮 Games arena

Play to remember

Two quick games. Earn up to ⭐⭐⭐ stars on each.

🃏 Wildlife & TAKE flashcards

1 / 18

Click to reveal the meaning

🌿 TAKE / wildlife match (60s)

60s0/8

Tap a word on the left, then its meaning on the right. Beat the clock!

Challenge

End-of-lesson quiz · What if…

12 questions · 70% to pass · instant feedback after you submit.

  1. Q1.Choose the correct form: 'I wish I ___ more free time.'

  2. Q2.Choose the correct form: 'I wish I ___ harder for that exam last week.'

  3. Q3.Which one is a natural 'wish + would' sentence?

  4. Q4.Which sentence expresses a PRESENT ability you don't have?

  5. Q5.Fix the mistake: 'I wish I didn't say that this morning.'

  6. Q6.Choose the correct feeling adjective: 'That documentary was really ___.'

  7. Q7.Choose the correct feeling adjective: 'I'm really ___ with this new software.'

  8. Q8.'If only…' is used to express:

  9. Q9.Which of Daniel Pink's four categories is the DEEPEST and most common regret?

  10. Q10.Which sentence has NO mistake?

  11. Q11.Listening recall — the speaker in the dialogue regrets not going to…

  12. Q12.In natural English rhythm, which words are USUALLY reduced (unstressed)?

0/12 answered

📚 Homework

Practise at home

Open the Workbook for extra exercises with answer keys — vocabulary, grammar, reading, dictation and word-stress challenges.