General English B2 · Lesson 10A
Every word and expression from this lesson — with definitions, synonyms and examples.
'All experiments FAIL sometimes.' — plural verb. Uncountable: 'All the information IS here.'
= the two of them, plural verb
'Both theories ARE interesting.' — plural verb, refers to two.
an important sudden progress or discovery
A major, sudden step forward in research.
test of a new treatment on people
A test of a new treatment on real patients, in phases.
a group of people living permanently in a new place
collocation: NOT 'do a research'
increasing levels of proof
people strongly disagree about it
to work out the structure or meaning of something
send into space
noun (the thing that was found)
spread results in a journal
'Each scientist HAS a theory.' — one by one.
'Either theory IS possible.' — one or the other.
create over time through research
+ singular noun + singular verb
'Every prediction WAS wrong.' — singular noun + singular verb.
changing the DNA inside a living organism
So new it changes the whole field. Stress on GROUND.
shaped like a human being
Increasing levels of proof: guess → tested idea → established rule.
the results didn't prove anything clearly
prevents you catching a disease
Send a rocket / satellite / product into use. 'They launched the telescope in 2021.'
make in very large quantities in a factory
the majority — plural / uncountable
'Most scientists AGREE.' / 'Most research SUPPORTS the theory.'
not one and not the other of two
'Neither experiment WAS successful.' — formally singular.
zero of a group (plural noun usually)
'No student has finished.' / 'None of the experiments have worked.' Never double-negative.
Checked by other scientists in the field before publication.
changing the whole field
a statement about what will happen in the future
a medicine that ends a disease
other scientists can get the same result
Other scientists can get the same result — a key mark of good science.
Stress: SCIence → SCIentist → scienTIfic. -IC pulls stress back.
person who does science
a device that detects light, movement, heat, etc.
a young company, usually in technology
pay for the research
the newest and most advanced
a scientific test, especially of a treatment on people
a particular situation in which a product is useful
confirm that an untested idea holds up
checked by other scientists
other scientists check the work
a major sudden step forward
persuade someone to support or believe you