General English C1 · Lesson 8A

Grammar Bank

The rules behind this lesson — form, use, model sentences and the mistakes to avoid.

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Grammar focus of this lesson

advanced gerunds and infinitives

1 structure

Advanced gerunds and infinitives
Perfect, passive and negative forms, plus meaning contrasts.
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Rules & form
- ›Perfect: to have done / having done — earlier than the main verb.
- ›Passive: to be done / being done. Negative: not to do / not doing.
- ›Meaning pairs: stop, remember, regret, go on, mean, come.
- ›Gerund as subject is common in formal writing: Delegating early saved the project.
Examples
- “She claims to have warned the board.”
- “He resented being excluded from the call.”
- “I regret to inform you… / I regret informing you…”
Watch out · Choose the perfect form only when the two actions are clearly sequenced.
Your own example