General English C1 · Lesson 1B

Grammar Bank

The rules behind this lesson — form, use, model sentences and the mistakes to avoid.

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Grammar focus of this lesson

discourse markers (1): linkers

1 structure

Discourse markers (1): linkers
Words that show the logical relationship between ideas.
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Rules & form
- ›Addition: moreover, furthermore, what's more, in addition.
- ›Contrast: whereas, while, nonetheless, having said that.
- ›Cause/result: consequently, hence, thereby, as a result.
- ›Register matters: hence and thus are formal; anyway and mind you are spoken.
Examples
- “The pilot succeeded; consequently, we scaled it nationally.”
- “Revenue rose, whereas margin fell.”
- “Having said that, the risk is manageable.”
Watch out · Don't stack linkers: But however, … ✗.
Your own example